Historic Counties Institute

Geography • Identity • Continuity

Reference, evidence, and public education for the historic counties.

Historic counties are the enduring geography. Councils are administration, lieutenancies are ceremonial – neither define the counties.

County Dossier

Yorkshire

A county of ridings, abbeys and Norse echoes.

Yorkshire is the largest county of all, rich in history and dramatic landscapes. York, the historic city at the heart of the county, boasts the magnificent York Minster and medieval streets.

Yorkshire county reference map

At a glance

Yorkshire at a glance

A county of ridings, abbeys and Norse echoes.

Nation England
Formal name County of York
Foundation Jórvík 800s > Yorkshire 1065
County Day 1 August
  • Kingdom of Jórvík 9th Century
  • Norse þriðjungr or þriðing (ridings) established c.889
  • Kingdom of Jórvík > County of York 1065
  • Area: 6,081 sq miles / 15,750 sq km
  • Population: 5,218,838
  • County Top: Mickle Fell

County Geography

Yorkshire meets Durham to the north, Westmorland and Lancashire to the west, Cheshire, Derbyshire, and Nottinghamshire to the south and south-west, and Lincolnshire across the Humber to the south-east, while the North Sea forms the county’s eastern edge.

The Pennine watershed shapes much of the west, the Tees and Humber define major northern and southern approaches, and the long coast closes the east. The Vale of York, Holderness, the Wolds, and the North York Moors give the county its distinctive internal pattern.

Yorkshire is held together by the relationship between western uplands, the Vale of York, eastern lowlands, and the long sea coast. Routes through the vale and across the ridings linked major towns, ports, dales, and moorland into one large but workable county.

Later changes in public administration did not alter that geography. The ridings, the vale, the Pennine side, the Wolds, and the coast still describe the same county.

Map Reference

View Yorkshire on the map

Yorkshire is the county. The map also shows lieutenancies and council areas that use the county name.

County Lieutenancy Council
Yorkshire county map preview Open Yorkshire in the Interactive Map

Open Yorkshire in the Interactive Map

Places and routes

York, Leeds, Sheffield, Hull, Bradford, Whitby, and Richmond belong to the county’s story, alongside the Vale of York, the Dales, the Pennine side, the Wolds, Holderness, and the North York Moors.

Connections

Movement through Yorkshire followed the Vale of York, the east-west crossings between Pennines and coast, and the north-south routes linking riding centres, ports, and market towns. Those corridors made the county function as a single frame despite its scale.

Yorkshire landscape or key location
City of York with York Minster and the City Walls.

Names

  • Yorkshire
  • County of York

County of York is the formal historical style used alongside Yorkshire. The three Ridings are internal divisions of the county, not separate counties.

Formed around York in the early medieval period, Yorkshire retained its identity as one large geographic county, with the ridings still expressing the county’s enduring structure.

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County Reference

Explore Yorkshire

Open the map to explore Yorkshire, or return to the county index to browse other counties.